Native Research Words (শব্দ খুঁজুন Ctrl+F চেপে)
purpose	Changable Words	Verbs
Research Paper	To show analysis	analyse, appraise, define, diagnose, explore, identify, investigate, observe
Research Paper	To summarize	assess, conclude, feature, highlight
Research Paper	To indicate control (to be stable or to maintain at a level)	constrain, control, govern, influence, inhibit, limit, maintain, prohibit, regulate, secure
Research Paper	To discuss findings	attest, confirm, contend, demonstrate,document, indicate, reveal
Research Paper	To state	comment, convey, elaborate, establish,identify, propose
Research Paper	To show increase	advance, development, enlarge, exceed, extend, facilitate, improve,increment, maximize
Research Paper	To show decrease	alleviate, cease, decline, depress, descent, deteriorate, minimize, subside, reduce
Research Paper	To show change	alter, accommodate, difference, evolve, fluctuate, generate, transform, transition, vary
Research Paper	To indicate information in a figure	depict, display, illustrate, portray, reveal
Research Paper	To indicate information in a table	classify, enumerate, gives, lists, presents, summarizes
Research Paper	To stress that a task has been performed in-depth	adequately, comprehensively, exhaustively, extensively, thoroughly
Research Paper	To show parts	comprises, compose of, constitutes, encompasses,includes, incorporates
Research Paper	To indicate negative stand	challenge, contradict, disagree, dispute, reject, question
Research Paper	To indicate positive stand	confirm, compliment, corroborate, substantiate, support, uphold, validate, verify
Research Paper	To show approximation	approximate, estimate, resemble, predict
Describing the scope of a current project or prior research
purpose	Changable Words	Verbs
To express the purpose of a paper or research	aims to	This paper + [use the verb that originally followed “aims to”] or This paper + (any other verb listed above as a substitute for “explain”) + who/what/when/where/how X. For example:
This paper/ study/ investigation…	aims to	“This paper applies X to Y,” instead of, “This paper aims to apply X to Y.”
	aims to	“This paper explores how lower sun exposure impacts moods,” instead of, “This paper aims to address the impact of lower sun exposure on moods.”
To introduce the topic of a project or paper	discusses	surveys
The paper/ study/ article/ work…	presents	questions
Prior research/ investigations…	presents	highlights, outlines, features, investigates
To describe the analytical scope of a paper or study	considers	evaluates
The paper/ study/ article/ work…	analyzes	interprets
Prior research/ investigations…	explains	clarifies
	explains	identifies , delves into , advances , appraises , defines , dissects , probes , tests , explores
		*Adjectives to describe degree can include: briefly, thoroughly, adequately, sufficiently, inadequately, insufficiently, only partially, partially, etc.
To preview other sections of a paper	covers	outlines
Section X…	deals with	highlights
	talks about	sketches, assesses, contemplates
	talks about	[any of the Verbs suggested as replacements for “explain,” “analyze,” and “consider” above]
Outlining a topic’s background
purpose	Changable Words	Verbs
To discuss the historical significance of a topic	plays an important in [nominalization]	Topic significantly/considerably +
Subject/ Mechanism…	plays a vital role in [nominalization]	influences
	plays a vital role in [nominalization]	controls , regulates , directs , inhibits , constrains , governs , controls , regulates , directs , inhibits , constrains , governs
	plays a vital role in [nominalization]	+ who/what/when/where/how…
	plays a vital role in [nominalization]	*In other words, take the nominalized verb and make it the main verb of the sentence.
To describe the historical popularity of a topic	…is widely accepted as…	Widely accepted, … [to eliminate the weak be verb]
X Theory…	…is widely used as…	The preferred…
X Theory…	…is widely used as…	Commonly/Frequently implemented,… [to eliminate the weak be verb]
X Theory…	…is widely used as…	The prevailing method for…
To describe the recent focus on a topic	Much attention has been drawn to	Discussions regarding X have dominated research in recent years.
	…has gained much importance in recent years	…has appealed to…
	…has gained much importance in recent years	…has propelled to the forefront in investigations of Y.
	…has gained much importance in recent years	… has dramatically/significantly shaped queries on X in recent years.
	…has gained much importance in recent years	…has critically influenced academic dialogue on Y.
To identify the current majority opinion about a topic	The consensus has been that…	Prior research generally confirms that…
		Several studies agree that…
		Prior research substantiates the belief that…
To discuss the findings of existing literature	indicate	contend
Previous studies…	have documented	purport
	have demonstrated	suggest
	have shown that	proffer
	have shown that	have proven that
	have shown that	evidence
To express the breadth of our current knowledge-base, including gaps	Much is known about…	The academic community has extensively explored X…
	But, little is known about…	Prior research has thoroughly investigated….
	But, little is known about…	However, little research has been conducted to show…
	But, little is known about…	However, prior studies have failed to evaluate/ identify / (any other word suggested to replace “analyze” above)
To segue into expressing your research question	Several theories have been proposed to explain…	Recent/Previous studies have promoted…
	To solve this problem, many researchers have tried several methods	Prior investigations have implemented/ queried diverse approaches to…
	To solve this problem, many researchers have tried several methods	A number of authors have posited…
Describing the analytical elements of a paper
purpose	Changable Words	Verbs
To express agreement between one finding and another	supports	substantiates
This paper/ study/ investigation	supports	confirms, corroborates, underlines
To present contradictory findings	Problems	challenges
This paper/ study/ investigation	refuse	disputes , rebuts , refutes , disproves , debunks , invalidates , rejects , questions
To discuss limitations of a study	The limitations of this paper include:	These investigations, however, disregards…
		This method/ approach fails to…
		This study only…
		…falls short of addressing/ identifying / illustrating…
		A drawback/disadvantage of this framework is…
		This framework, however, solely pertains to…
Discussing results
purpose	Changable Words	Verbs
To draw inferences from results	suggest	extrapolate
The data…	show	deduce
These findings…	show	surmise , approximate , derive , extract , evidence
To describe observations	appeared	manifested
[Observed event or result]…	was observed to	surfaced , materialized , yielded , generated , perceived , detected
Discussing methods
purpose	Changable Words	Verbs
To discuss methods	used	applied
This study…	performed	administered
That method…	performed	employed , diffused , disseminated , relayed
To describe simulations	was created to…	This study/ research…
A simulation…	was used to…	simulated
A simulation…	was performed to…	replicated , imitated , “X environment/ condition to..” , [any of the Verbs suggested as replacements for “analyze” above]
Explaining the impact of new research
purpose	Changable Words	Verbs
To explain the impact of a paper’s findings	demonstrates	illustrates,
This paper/ study/ investigation	shows	proves, evidences, strengthens (the position that)
To highlight a paper’s conclusion	establishes	attributes
This paper/ study/ investigation	proves	illustrates, advances (the idea that)
To explain how research contributes to the existing knowledge-base	offers	ushers in
This paper/ study/ investigation	introduces	proffers , conveys , promotes , advocates , introduces , broach (issue) , reveals , unveils , exposes , unearths ,
Section	purpose	Verbs
Conclusion	Overall summary	The paper concludes by arguing __
Conclusion	Overall summary	On this basis, we conclude that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	The authors concluded that __ is not confined to __
Conclusion	Overall summary	This allows the conclusion that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	The findings of this study can be understood as __
Conclusion	Overall summary	This may be considered a promising aspect of __
Conclusion	Overall summary	This may be considered a further validation of __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Remaining issues are subject of __
Conclusion	Overall summary	In summary, this paper argued that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	This aspect of the research suggested that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	In conclusion, __ seems to improve __
Conclusion	Overall summary	In summary, this paper argued that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	In conclusion, it would appear that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	The analysis leads to the following conclusions: __
Conclusion	Overall summary	It is difficult to arrive at any conclusions with regard to __
Conclusion	Overall summary	The main conclusion that can be drawn is that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	The present findings confirm __
Conclusion	Overall summary	As we have argued elsewhere __ may be considered a promising aspect of __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Ideally, these findings should be replicated in a study where __
Conclusion	Overall summary	By using __ we tested the hypothesis that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	In conclusion, __ seems to improve __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Broadly translated our findings indicate that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	This is an important finding in the understanding of the __
Conclusion	Overall summary	More generally, these basic findings are consistent with research showing that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	In addition, these findings provide additional information about __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Despite the limitations these are valuable in light of __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Overall, our results demonstrate a strong effect of __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Nevertheless, we found __
Conclusion	Overall summary	To our knowledge, this is the first report of __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Our results on __ are broadly consistent with __
Conclusion	Overall summary	The broad implication of the present research is that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	This conclusion follows from the fact that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Collectively, our results appear consistent with __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Importantly, our results provide evidence for __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Results provide a basis for __
Conclusion	Overall summary	This experiment adds to a growing corpus of research showing __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Our data indicate that __; a result that casts a new light on __
Conclusion	Overall summary	These findings provide a potential mechanism for __
Conclusion	Overall summary	We have shown that __
Conclusion	Overall summary	Our data suggest that we still have a long way to go to __
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research should consider the potential effects of __ more carefully, for example __
Conclusion	Future work:	This assumption might be addressed in future studies.
Conclusion	Future work:	Future  research on __ might extend the explanations of __
Conclusion	Future work:	This is very much the key component in future attempts to overcome __
Conclusion	Future work:	In future work, investigating __ might prove important.
Conclusion	Future work:	This is desirable for future work.
Conclusion	Future work:	Future investigations are necessary to validate the kinds of conclusions that can be drawn from this study.
Conclusion	Future work:	Future studies could fruitfully explore this issue further by __
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research is needed to delimitate __
Conclusion	Future work:	It will be important that future research investigate __
Conclusion	Future work:	It is a question of future research to investigate __
Conclusion	Future work:	We believe that apart from looking for __, future research should look for __
Conclusion	Future work:	Regardless, future research could continue to explore __
Conclusion	Future work:	This is an issue for future research to explore.
Conclusion	Future work:	Future studies could investigate the association between __
Conclusion	Future work:	Future studies should aim to replicate results in a larger __
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research should be devoted to the development of __
Conclusion	Future work:	This may constitute the object of future studies.
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research could examine __
Conclusion	Future work:	Interesting research questions for future research that can be derived from __
Conclusion	Future work:	In future research, more research is needed to apply and test __
Conclusion	Future work:	This is an interesting topic for future work.
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research should further develop and confirm these initial findings by __
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research should certainly further test whether __
Conclusion	Future work:	As also recommended above, future research should __
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research should examine strategically __
Conclusion	Future work:	Future research might apply __
Conclusion	Future work:	In addition, __ might prove an important area for future research.
Conclusion	Future work:	A number of recommendations for future research are given.
Conclusion	Future work:	Therefore, future research should be conducted in more realistic settings to __
Conclusion	Future work:	Further research on __ issue is warranted.
Conclusion	Future work:	Further work is certainly required to disentangle these complexities in __
Conclusion	Future work:	Looking forward, further attempts could prove quite beneficial to the literature.
Conclusion	Future work:	Further research is needed to confirm this novel finding.
Conclusion	Future work:	These result warrant further investigation via __
Conclusion	Future work:	This provides a good starting point for discussion and further research.
Conclusion	Future work:	Further studies should investigate __
Conclusion	Future work:	The possibility of __ warrants further investigation.
Introduction	General introduction:	Research on __ has a long tradition
Introduction	General introduction:	For decades, one of the most popular ideas in __ literature is the idea that __
Introduction	General introduction:	Recent theoretical developments have revealed that __
Introduction	General introduction:	A common strategy used to study __ is to __
Introduction	General introduction:	This research constitutes a relatively new area which has emerged  from __
Introduction	General introduction:	These approaches have been influential in the field because of __
Introduction	General introduction:	In the past several decades, __ have played an important  role in __
Introduction	General introduction:	There are growing appeals for __
Introduction	General introduction:	This is the field of study that deals with __
Introduction	General introduction:	Most of the theories of __ are however focused on explaining __
Introduction	General introduction:	There are three major theoretical and conceptual frameworks for __
Introduction	General introduction:	The field has gradually broadened as __
Introduction	General introduction:	This field of study is sometimes referred as __
Introduction	General introduction:	This has been widely adopted in the field of __
Introduction	General introduction:	This thesis considers the field of __ as the main subject of its study
Introduction	General introduction:	One of the major topics to be investigated in this field is __
Introduction	General introduction:	This is now a mature field which is now being spun out into commercial applications __
Introduction	General introduction:	This field is maturing, with a wealth of well-understood methods and algorithms __
Introduction	General introduction:	This field closely follows the paradigm of __
Introduction	General introduction:	The field has met with great success in many problems __
Introduction	General introduction:	The field only really took off in the late __ as it became more accessible to __
Introduction	General introduction:	This is not particularly new and has been used for many years in the field of __
Introduction	General introduction:	This field closely follows the paradigm of __
Introduction	General introduction:	Widely considered to be a good way to __
Introduction	General introduction:	This has been widely adopted in the field of __
Introduction	General introduction:	This is more widely used at the time of __
Introduction	General introduction:	This phenomenon has been widely observed
Introduction	General introduction:	A common technique is to __
Introduction	General introduction:	This is a technique common in __
Introduction	General introduction:	There are several common kinds of __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This seems to be a common problem in __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This leads to myriad problems in __
Introduction	Problem definition:	The main problem is that __
Introduction	Problem definition:	There is a further problem with __
Introduction	Problem definition:	One primary problem with __ is that __
Introduction	Problem definition:	The methods are not without their problems as will be discussed in __
Introduction	Problem definition:	The foremost problems are the facts that __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This makes up for the problem of __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This seems to be a common problem in __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This is a complex problem and to simplify it requires __
Introduction	Problem definition:	A challenging problem which arises in this domain is __
Introduction	Problem definition:	These problems are difficult to handle __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This is typically a complex problem __
Introduction	Problem definition:	A well-known problem with __  is that it does not take into account the __
Introduction	Problem definition:	One of the problems is that it considers only the __
Introduction	Problem definition:	The key problem with this technique is __
Introduction	Problem definition:	It is usually an ill-posed problem in the case of __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This problem is well-posed and does not require to impose __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This appears as a more straightforward problem compared to the __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This turns out to be even more problematic because __
Introduction	Problem definition:	The problem with such an implementation is that __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This poses some problems when carrying out the __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This problem  has attracted more attention in the field of __
Introduction	Problem definition:	This is a basic chicken-and-egg problem because __
Introduction	Problem definition:	Unfortunately, this approach results in problems related to __
Introduction	Problem definition:	These constraints make the problem difficult to __
Introduction	Problem definition:	Most of the research in this field is aimed at solving this problem.
Introduction	Problem definition:	This remains an open problem in the area.
Introduction	Problem definition:	This problem has received substantial interest.
Introduction	Problem definition:	These examples highlight the problem that __
Introduction	Problem definition:	The main practical problem that confronts us is __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	There is no previous research using __ approach.
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	As far as we know, no previous research has investigated __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	There has been less previous evidence for __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	Other studies have failed to __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	To our knowledge, no study has yielded __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	No study to date has examined __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	Only a few studies have shown __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	However, __ has rarely been studied directly.
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	Moreover, few studies have focussed on __
Introduction	Gaps in literature:	In particular no study, to our knowledge, has considered __
Introduction	Problems solution:	One way to overcome these problems is to __
Introduction	Problems solution:	There are many alternative methods are available for solving these problems.
Introduction	Problems solution:	In order to rectify the problem of __
Introduction	Problems solution:	A solution to this problem is proposed in __
Introduction	Problems solution:	One approach to solve this problem involves the use of __
Introduction	Problems solution:	An alternative approach to the problem is __
Introduction	Problems solution:	This can be applied to solve these problems.
Introduction	Problems solution:	A number of works have shown that this problem can be overcome by using __
Introduction	Problems solution:	A large number of alternative approaches have been developed over the last few decades to ++
Introduction	Problems solution:	To overcome this problem, in the next section we demonstrate __
Introduction	Problems solution:	One way to overcome this problem is to __
Introduction	Problems solution:	To overcome this problem, some approaches have been made __
Introduction	Problems solution:	One way of recovering from this problem could be to __
Introduction	Problems solution:	This has been proposed to surmount the problems caused by __
Introduction	Problems solution:	A different approach to the traditional problem is given in __
Introduction	Problems solution:	A whole range of different approaches to the problem are available.
Introduction	Problems solution:	These techniques have potential to solve contemporary problems in __
Introduction	Problems solution:	We should tailor specific solutions to specific problems __
Introduction	Problems solution:	The standard solution to the problem is based on __
Introduction	Problems solution:	The solution proposed here addresses only the problem of __
Introduction	Problems solution:	There are techniques that have been developed to solve this problem __
Introduction	Problems solution:	This problem is usually overcome by __
Introduction	Problems solution:	There have been several attempts to solve the problem __
Introduction	Problems solution:	There exist many methods for dealing with this problem __
Introduction	Problems solution:	Broadly speaking, the problem can be addressed by __
Introduction	Problems solution:	One of the simplest ways of tackling this problem is __
Introduction	Problems solution:	This problem has been largely studied and many viable solutions have been found.
Introduction	Problems solution:	In general, this problem can be tackled in two different ways.
Introduction	Problems solution:	Other approaches have been shown to cope with the problem more efficiently.
Introduction	Problems solution:	We will review the main approaches to solve this problem.
Introduction	Problems solution:	Recently, a more general solution has been proposed for this problem.
Introduction	Problems solution:	Both these works provide a solution to the problem.
Introduction	Problems solution:	Recent methods focus on overcoming the problems by proposing different schemes for __
Introduction	Problems solution:	This strategy is not uncommon in this kind of problems.
Introduction	Problems solution:	We can apply our algorithm to solve this difficult problem.
Introduction	Problems solution:	This is how the problem can be tackled __
Introduction	Problems solution:	We have developed this generic method to solve a variety of problems.
Introduction	Problems solution:	We will now demonstrate our method on some specific problems.
Introduction	Problems solution:	Here we solve several problems simultaneously.
Introduction	Problems solution:	We have undergone a rethinking of the problem by __
Introduction	Problems solution:	A possible solution to the problem at hand is __
Introduction	Problems solution:	It is clear that the problem could be easily tackled by __
Introduction	Study motivation:	It is of interest to know whether __  still hold true.
Introduction	Study motivation:	It would be of special interest to__
Introduction	Study motivation:	We therefore analyzed __ and investigated whether __
Introduction	Study motivation:	For this study, it was of interest to investigate __
Introduction	Study motivation:	We investigated whether __ can be partly explained by __
Introduction	Study motivation:	To examine the impact of __, we tested __
Introduction	Study motivation:	We have investigated the effect of __
Introduction	Study motivation:	We characterize different aspects of __
Introduction	Study motivation:	One way to investigate __ was to __
Introduction	Study motivation:	A new approach is therefore needed for __
Introduction	Study motivation:	To illuminate this uncharted area, we examined __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The aim is to develop more sophisticated methods for __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The aim of this work is to develop __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The aims in this chapter are twofold: First __, Second __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	For our first goal, we focus on two problems __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The aim here is to investigate __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The overall goal of this work was to __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	This project aims to develop an overarching framework to __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The aim of the experiment is to compare __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The ultimate goal is to produce a __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The overall goal of this thesis was to pursue __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	After defining the problem we explain the goals of the thesis.
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	With this aim in mind, in this paper we present a new method for __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	Our research aims at finding a solution for this challenging problem of  __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	There is no overall goal, apart from __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	We examine some previous work and propose a new method for __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	There are too many simultaneous goals making it difficult to __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	One of the major aims of this work was to create __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The main objective is to investigate methods for improving __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The objectives can be restated in the light of __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The objective is to devise and implement a system for __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The objectives were partially met by developing a method to __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	The objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of __
Introduction	Aims & objectives:	One of the objectives is to improve the __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	This thesis documents several key contributions made to the fields of __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	This thesis has made a number of significant contributions to the field of __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The contributions made here have wide applicability.
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The contributions made should be of wide interest.
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The first main contribution proposed in this field is a __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The contributions of this work are presented as follows: __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The main achievements, including contributions to the field can be summarised as follows: __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	We summarize the main contributions of this thesis.
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The key contribution of this work is the solution it provides __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	It has numerous advantages as explained here __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	It has significant benefits in terms of __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	There is a clear advantage in following the methods of __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	This has particular advantages over other __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	All of these advantages make it particularly valuable in __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	One of the primary benefits of this algorithm is __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	This gives a significant advantage because __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	These point out the advantages and practicability of __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	One of the key benefits of the algorithm is __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The main advantage compared to previous method is __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	This present some practical advantages.
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The main advantage is the simplified pattern.
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	One practical advantage of the method is that it can be used in __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The advantage becomes all the more significant when __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	In comparison with other techniques, this method has the advantage of __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The most important advantage of this method is that it can perform very well in __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	It yielded significant speed advantages when __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The benefit of using the __ is expected to __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The main advantage is that we are able to __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	To give some idea of the benefits of this method __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	The additional advantage of using this method is that it results in __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	This is an important advantage of this algorithm __
Introduction	Significance and advantages of your work:	These are the main advantages of this method.
Literature Review	Previous literature:	The literature review shows that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Previous research showed __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Seminal contributions have been made by __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	A series of recent studies has indicated that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Several theories have been proposed to __, some focusing on __, others on __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	There has been numerous studies to investigate __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	This has been used in several studies to assess __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Previous studies have shown __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Several studies suggest that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	This has also been explored in prior studies by __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Prior research suggests that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Previous studies have emphasized __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	The majority of prior research has applied __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Most early studies as well as current work focus on __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	For instance, the following studies were conducted on __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Studies of __are well documented, it is also well acknowledged that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	A number of authors have recognized __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Some authors have also suggested that  __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Some authors have driven the further development of __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	This has been discussed by a great number of authors in literature.
Literature Review	Previous literature:	For example, research has provided evidence for __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	The authors bring some information about the background of the problem, __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	As has been previously reported in the literature, __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	A large number of existing studies in the broader literature have examined __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	The literature review shows that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	There exists a considerable body of literature on  __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	In short, the literature pertaining to __ strongly suggests that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Over time, an extensive literature has developed on __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	This section presents a review of recent literature on __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	This paper begins with a short review of the literature regarding the __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	Several methods are reported in the literature to address this issue.
Literature Review	Previous literature:	There is a wide choice of __ available in the literature.
Literature Review	Previous literature:	This section reviews the literature related to __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	It was reported in literature that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	A recent study by __ concluded that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	In the light of reported __ it is conceivable that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	The method introduced by __ has the advantage that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	One method employed by __ is __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	A more comprehensive description can be found in __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	For example, recent research suggests that __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	This was successfully established as described by __
Literature Review	Previous literature:	The author employed a __ methodology which prescribes the use of __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	A number of questions regarding __ remain to be addressed.
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	A closer look to the literature on __, however, reveals a number of gaps and shortcomings.
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	This question has previously never been addressed because__
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Most studies have relied on __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Previous studies by __ cannot be considered as conclusive because __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Previous studies have almost exclusively focused on __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	This has been previously assessed only to a very limited extent because __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	In the present studies __ were constrained to __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	In previous studies were limited to __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Although results appear consistent with prior research, they appear inconsistent with __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	These are previously unstudied because __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	As far as we know, no previous research has investigated __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Moreover, although research has illuminated __ no study to date has examined __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Despite decades of research, this continues to be debated among __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	This section points out some of the problems encountered in the extant research.
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Although there are many studies, the research in __ remains limited.
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	However, the existing research has many problems in representing __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	The literature on __ is less consistent
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Historically, there has been a great deal of confusion in the literature regarding __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	This approach remains briefly addressed in the literature.
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	These are rarely analyzed in the literature as __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	There are key questions and notions that are still not discussed in the literature __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	This is not clearly presented in the literature because __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	This paper addresses the need for __, so far lacking in the scientific literature.
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	To fill this literature gap, this paper identifies __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Only a few works in literature demonstrate __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Although studies have been conducted by many authors, this problem is still insufficiently explored.
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	To our knowledge, no prior studies have examined __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	However, the existing research has many problems in __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Therefore, important issue in the literature is __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	However, we argue that previous literature suffers from certain weaknesses: __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	Previous research can only be considered a first step towards a more profound understanding of __
Literature Review	Limitations of previous research:	The previous studies reveal that __ are usually the most problematic to __
Literature Review	Research questions:	More specific research questions will be introduced and investigated in __
Literature Review	Research questions:	A further question is whether __
Literature Review	Research questions:	Finally, another promising line of research would be __
Literature Review	Research questions:	The study addresses several further questions on __
Literature Review	Research questions:	Some of the interesting questions in this context are __
Literature Review	Research questions:	In order to address the questions outlined above, we report here __
Literature Review	Research questions:	These questions are of central interest as much recent research in __
Literature Review	Research questions:	Furthermore, __ is arguably an important question to be addressed.
Literature Review	Research questions:	The question now is how __ can be used to explain __
Literature Review	Research questions:	Study addresses the research question __
Literature Review	Research questions:	In order to properly address this question, we __
Literature Review	Research questions:	An important question associated with __ is __
Literature Review	Research questions:	A critical open question is whether __
Literature Review	Research questions:	A still unsolved question is whether __
Literature Review	Research questions:	This remains an open question as __
Literature Review	Research questions:	This question has previously never been addressed because __
Literature Review	Research questions:	This study offers a test of __ research question
Literature Review	Research questions:	Study addresses the research question __
Literature Review	Research questions:	Even in general __ research strategies is needed to explain __
Literature Review	Research questions:	The researcher should be interested here in __
Literature Review	Research questions:	Many questions remain unanswered __
Literature Review	Research questions:	There are some potentially open questions about the validity of __
Literature Review	Research questions:	The question that then naturally arises is __
Literature Review	Research questions:	The question then becomes how best to define__
Literature Review	Research questions:	This was an important question to study as __
Literature Review	Research to be explored:	A more systematic and theoretical analysis is required for __
Literature Review	Research to be explored:	As the authors note earlier, more work is necessary to__
Literature Review	Research to be explored:	Additional studies to understand more completely the key tenets of __ are required.
Literature Review	Research to be explored:	The unexpected findings signal the need for additional studies to understand more about __
Literature Review	Research to be explored:	This paper addresses __, so far lacking in the scientific literature.
Literature Review	Research to be explored:	A new approach is therefore needed for __
Literature Review	Research to be explored:	One of the tough challenges for all researchers in this domain is __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	This experimental design was employed because __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	In the course of the experiment, __ played an important role.
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	The experiments were performed with __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	This was experimentally investigated by __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	Most experiments have been carried out with __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	The main focus of the experiments was to calculate __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	Prior to each experiment __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	The experiments are completely based on __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	In our preliminary experiments we estimated that __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	In this experiment, we introduced a __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	Methods were based on previous experiments __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	This  proceeds in two stages: __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	After a series of experiments it was found that __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	Therefore, in this experiment we define goals as __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	In this experiment, we introduced a __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	We consider the setup generic, however, __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	This was designed to acquire approximately __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	These were designed in such a way that __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	This experimental design was employed because __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	This was specifically designed for __
Matrials and Method	Experimental setup:	This was designed to acquire approximately __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	There were __ participants in this sample.
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	Participants first provided informed consent about __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	We performed additional data collection with __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	For this study, we analyzed the data collected from __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The data are less clear-cut than __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	Data were collected and maintained by __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	For this purpose, we employ survey data collected from __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The application employs data obtained from __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The analyzed data included: __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The procedures of handling the data followed the suggestions of __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	Subsequently, __ were then used to elicit further data.
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The experimental data on __ is very scarce.
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The data in this work consists of __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	Survey data were collected from __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	This study used different data collection methods such as __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The quality can be enhanced by providing additional data for__
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	Such data are prone to __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	We utilize secondary data from __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The data was divided into __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	Participants in the first data collection were __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The sample was heterogeneous with respect to __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The sample size in this study was not considered large enough for__
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	We cannot deny the presence of some sample selection biases because __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The sample of respondents included __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The researchers pooled samples to __
Matrials and Method	Data collection:	The sample strategy was the same as for__
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	However, there are trends in our data to suggest that __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	The trend values were then subjected to __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	We analysed data as a function of __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	We used an established technique, namely __, to analyse __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	This showed a judgement error of __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	To investigate this statistically, we calculated __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	A __ test was used to determine the significance of data
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Our data show that there is __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Our data suggest that __ which  may be based partly on __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Data also revealed a significant __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Our data also address the __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Data were analyzed and correlated with __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	The data are presented in Table __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	However, according to our data __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	We undertake the empirical analysis using data collected in __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	The data is analyzed from different points of view such as __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	The data reveals significant differences in __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Thus, the data supports the premise that __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Results provides a good fit to the data __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	We compared the results with the original data in ways __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	The evaluation of the data is shown in __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	We explicitly accounted for __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	Missing values were replaced using __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	This analysis was confined to __
Matrials and Method	Data analysis:	The evaluation of the data presented in this work leads to __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	We explored these effects statistically by __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	Statistical analyses was performed by using the __ applying a significance level of __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	The results were statistically significant when compared using __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	This was normally distributed throughout the study population.
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	This distribution resulted in __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	Significant differences in the __ remained.
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	This was the only parameter that had a statistically significant correlation with __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	We used __ statistics to report __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	This had a statistically significant impact on __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	The correlation between __ and __ is positive and statistically significant at __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	We calculate __ statistic to test the null hypothesis that __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	As shown in Table __ are statistically significant at all levels.
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	We can clearly see that the estimated values are positive and statistically significant at __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	This revealed no statistical differences on __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	The test for __ found no significant differences.
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	Our results show a statistically significant improvement in __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	All differences in performance were statistically significant in __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	The method achieves a statistically significant improvement compared to __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	In order to obtain statistically representative __ it is required to __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	To investigate this statistically, we calculated __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	Descriptive statistics were calculated for all variables used in the study using __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	The significance testing was based on __
Matrials and Method	Statistical testing:	All statistical analyses were performed using __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	Such a potentially unrealistic assumption arises from the fact that __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	Based on these assumptions, hypotheses were developed: __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	Based on these assumptions, __ have been treated as __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	This is based on assumptions that __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	These assumptions are generally accepted these days__
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	The fundamental assumptions of the  models are: __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	This assumption is supported by the fact that __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	Under certain assumptions, __ can be construed as __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	These assumptions result in __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	This assumption might be addressed in future studies by __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	This compilation of research assumptions should result in __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	These assumptions have been disproved by __
Matrials and Method	Assumptions:	According to __ assumption, the study reports faithfully __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	For the current work, it is sufficient to point out that __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	Because we were interested in __, we considered only __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This was sufficient to __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This is sufficiently generic to be adapted to other __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This is generally sufficient to produce good results.
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	Still, results might be sufficient, especially in __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This was not possible due to insufficient observations.
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	After a series of experiments __ was considered as sufficient.
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	It has been proven that __ must be sufficient to __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This was not sensitive enough to __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This study cannot be considered large enough for __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This is simpler and usually sufficient to __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	It turns out that it is sufficiently accurate for __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	There is in fact sufficient information present in __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This is considered sufficiently unique for __
Matrials and Method	Remit of the experiment:	This is enough to get a sufficiently accurate solution.
Results	Findings:	From the short review above, key findings emerge: __
Results	Findings:	We describe the results of __, which show __
Results	Findings:	This suggests that __
Results	Findings:	We showed that __
Results	Findings:	Our findings on __ at least hint that __
Results	Findings:	This is an important finding in the understanding of the __
Results	Findings:	The present study confirmed the findings about __
Results	Findings:	Another promising finding was that __
Results	Findings:	Our results demonstrated that __
Results	Findings:	This result highlights that little is known about the __
Results	Findings:	A further novel finding is that __
Results	Findings:	Together, the present findings confirm __
Results	Findings:	The implications of these findings are discussed in __
Results	Findings:	The results demonstrate two things.  First, __. Second,  __
Results	Findings:	The results of the experiment found clear support for the __
Results	Findings:	This analysis found evidence for __
Results	Findings:	Planned comparisons revealed that __
Results	Findings:	Our results casts a new light on __
Results	Findings:	This section summarises the findings and contributions made.
Results	Findings:	It performs well, giving good results.
Results	Findings:	This gives clearly better results than __
Results	Findings:	The results confirm that this a good choice for __
Results	Findings:	From the results, it is clear that __
Results	Findings:	In this section, we will illustrate some experimental results.
Results	Findings:	This delivers significantly better results due to __
Results	Findings:	The result now provides evidence to __
Results	Findings:	It leads to good results, even if the improvement is negligible.
Results	Findings:	This yields increasingly good results on data.
Results	Findings:	The result of this analysis is then compared with the  __
Results	Findings:	The applicability of these new results are then tested on __
Results	Findings:	This is important to correctly interpret the results.
Results	Findings:	The results are substantially better than __
Results	Findings:	The results lead to similar conclusion where __
Results	Findings:	Superior results are seen for __
Results	Findings:	From these results it is clear that __
Results	Findings:	Extensive results carried out show that this method improves __
Results	Findings:	We obtain good results with this simple method.
Results	Findings:	However, even better results are achieved when using our algorithm.
Results	Findings:	It is worth discussing these interesting facts revealed by the results of  __
Results	Findings:	Overall, our method was the one that obtained the most robust results.
Results	Findings:	Slightly superior results are achieved with our algorithm.
Results	Findings:	The result is equal to or better than a result that is currently accepted.
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	The results demonstrated in this chapter match state of the art methods.
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	Here we compare the results of the proposed method with those of the traditional methods.
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	These results go beyond previous reports, showing that __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	In line with previous studies __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	This result ties well with previous studies wherein __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	Contrary to the findings of __ we did not find __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	They have demonstrated that __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	Others have shown that __ improves __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	By comparing the results from __, we hope to determine __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	However, in line with the ideas of __, it can be concluded that __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	When comparing our results to those of older studies, it must be pointed out that __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	We have verified that using __ produces similar results
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	Overall these findings are in accordance with findings reported by __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	Even though we did not replicate the previously reported __, our results suggest that __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	A similar conclusion was reached by __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	However, when comparing our results to those of older studies, it must be pointed out __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	This is consistent with what has been found in previous __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	A similar pattern of results was obtained in __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	The findings are directly in line with previous findings
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	These basic findings are consistent with research showing that __
Discussion	Comparison with prior studies:	Other results were broadly in line with __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	Because of the lack of __ we decided to not investigate __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	One concern about the findings of __ was that __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	Because of this potential limitation, we treat __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	The limitations of the present studies naturally include __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	Regarding the limitations of __, it could be argued that __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	Another limitation of this __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	This limitation is apparent in many __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	Another limitation in __ involves the issue of __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	The main limitation is the lack of __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	One limitation is found in this case.
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	One limitation of these methods however is that they __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	It presents some limitations such as __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	Although widely accepted, it suffers from some limitations due to __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	An apparent limitation of the method is __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	There are several limitations to this approach.
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	One limitation of our implementation is that it is __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	A major source of limitation is due to  __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	The approach utilised suffers from the limitation that __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	The limitations are becoming clear __
Discussion	Limitations of your work:	It suffers from the same limitations associated with a __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	A popular explanation of __ is that __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	It is by now generally accepted that __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	A popular explanation is that __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	As it is not generally agreed that __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	These are very small and difficult to observe.
Discussion	Casual arguments:	It is important to highlight the fact that __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	It is notable that __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	An important question associated with __ is __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This did not impair the __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This is important because there is __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This implies that __ is associated with __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This is indicative for lack of __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This will not be biased by __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	There were also some important differences in __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	It is interesting to note that, __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	It is unlikely that __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This may alter or improve aspects of __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	In contrast, this makes it possible to __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This is particularly important when investigating __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This has been used to successfully account for __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This introduces a possible confound in __
Discussion	Casual arguments:	This was included to verify that __
Discussion	Speculations:	However, we acknowledge that there are considerable discussions among researchers as to __
Discussion	Speculations:	We speculate that this might be due to __
Discussion	Speculations:	There are reasons to doubt this explanation of __
Discussion	Speculations:	It remains unclear to which degree __ are attributed to __
Discussion	Speculations:	However, __ does seem to improve __
Discussion	Speculations:	This does seem to depend on __
Discussion	Speculations:	It is important to note, that the present evidence relies on __
Discussion	Speculations:	The results show that __ does not seem to impact the __
Discussion	Speculations:	However, the extent to which it is possible to __ is unknown
Discussion	Speculations:	Alternatively, it could simply mean that __
Discussion	Speculations:	It is difficult to explain such results within the context of __
Discussion	Speculations:	It is unclear whether this is a suitable for __
Discussion	Speculations:	This appears to be a case of __
Discussion	Speculations:	From this standpoint, __ can be considered as __
Discussion	Speculations:	To date, __remain unknown
Discussion	Speculations:	Under certain assumptions, this can be construed as __
Discussion	Speculations:	Because of this potential limitation, we treat __
Discussion	Speculations:	In addition, several questions remain unanswered.
Discussion	Speculations:	At this stage of understanding, we believe__
Discussion	Speculations:	Therefore, it remains unclear whether __
Discussion	Speculations:	This may explain why __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	A difference between these __ can only be attributable to __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	Nonetheless, we believe that it is well justified to __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	This may raise concerns about __ which can be addressed by __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	As discussed, this is due to the fact that __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	Results demonstrate that this is not necessarily true.
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	These findings support the notion that __ is not influenced by __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	This may be the reason why we did not find __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	In order to test whether this is equivalent across __, we __
Discussion	Deductive Arguments:	Therefore, __ can be considered to be equivalent for __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors acknowledge the infrastructure and support of __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors would like to thank __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The work was supported by the __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors very much appreciate the support by the __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors appreciate the unknown referee’s valuable and profound comments.
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors wish to express their thanks for the financial support of __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	This material is based upon work supported by the __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The financial support of the __ is also gratefully acknowledged.
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	Funding for the present work was provided by __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	Part of this work was carried out within the financial support from __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors would like to thank the reviewer for the constructive feedback.
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	This research was supported by __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	Partial support for the work was provided by __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors sincerely acknowledge the __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	Authors also acknowledge the __ for the support in __
Acknowledgements:	Expressing Gratitudes	The authors thank __ for discussions on __
Appendix:	Extra Data	For interested readers a detailed description is presented in the Appendix __
Appendix:	Extra Data	Further description is available in the Appendix or from the author__
Appendix:	Extra Data	Complete data is available in __
Appendix:	Extra Data	Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at __
Appendix:	Extra Data	The full colour images can be found in the on-line version, at __